????????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????????? — ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????????, ?? ? ?????? ????, ????????? ? ?????????????? ????????, ? ?????, ? ????????? ??? ??????????? ? ??????? ???????, ???????? ????????????

????????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????????? — ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????????, ?? ? ?????? ????, ????????? ? ?????????????? ????????, ? ?????, ? ????????? ??? ??????????? ? ??????? ???????, ???????? ????????????

???? ?????? ???????, ???????? ?. ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????????, ?????????????, ??????? ?????????????? ????? «??????? ??????», ??????? ??????????? ??? ? ?????? ??? ????????????????? «???? ??????????». ???????, ?????? ? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????, ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ? «??????? ??????» ? «?? ???? ???????» ????? «????? ?????? ?? ????????».

???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????, ?? ? ??????? ?????????, ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ? ????????? ???????, ? ????? ? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? XVIII ????. ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????: ???????? ?? ?????????, ?????, ??? «? ??????? ?????», «???????????? ??????», «? ???????? ????? ? ???» ? ??????, ? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?????????. ???? ????????? ? ????????? ????????? ??????

??????????? ????? ?????????? ? ????????, ??????? ???????, ??? ? ??????? ????????????? ???????, ??????? ???, ?????????? ? ?????? ? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????, ??????? ??????????????? ????????? ? ????????? ????? ????????????? ? ???????????? ?????????. ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ? ???????????? ?? ????????, ?? ? ?????????, ??? ??? ????? ? ?????????????? ????? ????? ?? ???????????, ??? ? ? ???????? ? ???????????? ??????.

? ???????? ???????? «?? ????????????» ???? ?????, ???????, ??? ???????, ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ? ?????? ? ??????: «…???? ?? ???? — ??? ?? ??????? ???????, ??? ? ? ???? ?????? ???????? — ??????????, ??? «????? ???????????? ?? ?? ?????», ??? ??????? ????, ?? ??? ??? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????» ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? «??????????????», ? ??????? ???????????, ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????????, ? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????. ? ?????? ? ?? ??????????? ? ?????? ?? ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????????, ???????? ?? ??? ????????.

????? ???????? ???????, ??? ?????? ? ??????????? ? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ????????????, ???? ?????? ??????? (106–43), ??? ????????, ???????? ?????? ?????. ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ????????, ????????? ???????????? ????? ? ???????? ????????????? ?????, ?? ? ???? ?????????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ? ?? ?????????? ????? ? ??????? ????????? ???????????

?????????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? «???????????? ????????????» ????? ???????? ????????, ?????????, ? ????????? ????, ??????????? ????????? ????????? ????; ?????????-???????????? ???????? ? ???????? «???????? ? ????», ? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?.?.????????? ? ??????????? ?????; ? ??????????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ????????? ???? ? ????????.

???????? ?????????????, ??????????? ? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????. ? ??? ?????????? ????? ? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????????, ??????? ????????, ??????? ????? ? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ? ??????????????? ??????? ? ????????????? ???????.

?????????? ???????? ? ????????????? ?????? ? ??????????????? ? ????????????? ???????: ?????? ?????????? ? ????????

Among tragedies of the greatest Classical Greek dramatist, Sophocles, there are two, which are devoted to a Theban mythological hero, Oedipus: “Oedipus the King” and “Oedipus at Colonus”. They do not compose a dilogy in a strict technical sense (for they are divided by a chronological space of about quarter of a century), but thematically they can in any sense be called a “dilogy”. The article points that the Hellenic theatre played an emphasized pedagogical role, and in this connection, it poses a question: what did this series of plays teach its audience? The “Oedipus drama” has been understood in scholarly literature in different ways; nowadays, its sychoanalytical treatment is most popular, but it is rather vague (the so-called Oedipus complex was, as a matter of fact, invented by S. Freud without a direct reference to the fabula of the Oedipus myth); equally vulnerable is the Romantic interpretation of the Oedipus the King as a “tragedy of fate”. As we see it, the fatal mistake (?µa?t?a) of Sophocles’ Oedipus is that he does not follow the gods’ will, which is above all for our dramatist, even if it seems to contradict the norms of our human justice (d???). The pathetic of the Oedipus tragedies is the final triumph not of d???, but of s?f??s???; in this sense they (especially the Oedipus at Colonus) represent not a very optimistic theodicy comparable with the one, which we find in the Biblical Book of Job. Sophocles’ works in question taught humility and obedience to the gods.

???????? ??????, ???????? ? ?????????? ? ????????, ??????????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ? ???????? ???????? ???????, ?????? ???, ??????? ??????? ?? ??????. ??????? ? ?????? ????????? ? ?????? ??????????? ? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ??????, ???????? ???????? ??????? ? ?? ??????? ??????? (paideia, techne, technicus ? ????????? ??????).

?????????? ??????, ???????? ?  ??????????1, ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ????????, ??????? ? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ?????. ??? ???????? ?????? «?????????????????», ????????????????? ????????, ? ?? ????? ? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????????; ?? ????, ????????? ????????? ??????????? ? ??? ????????????, ? ??????? ?????????????? ???- ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? (???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????, ??? ????? ????????).